Preface xi
CERAMIC ARMOR DEVELOPMENT
An Overview of Ceramic Armor Applications 3
William A. Gooch Jr., U.S. Army Research Laboratory
Armor Ceramics Under High-Velocity Impact of a Medium-Caliber Long-Rod Penetrator 23
Hans-Jürgen Ernst, Volker Wiesner; and Thomas Wolf, French-German Research Institute of Saint-Louis (ISL)
Practical Issues in Ceramic Armor Design 33
Bryn James, Defense Science and Technology Laboratories
Ballistic Development of Tungsten Carbide Ceramics for Armor Applications 45
Pierre-Frangois Peron, Etablissement Technique de Bourges
Ballistic Development of U.S. High Density Tungsten Carbide Ceramics 53
William A. Gooch and Matthew S. Burkins, U.S. Army Research
Laboratory; Richard Palicka, Cercom Incorporated Initial Tests on Ceramics in Composite Armor 63
W Lanz, RUAG Land Systems
Structure and Properties of Shock-Resistant Ceramics Developed at the Institute for Problems in Materials Science 73
B.A. Galanov, O.N. Grigoriev, S.M. Ivanov, and V.V. Kartuzov, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Ceramic Armor with Submicron Alumina Against Armor Piercing Projectiles 83
E. Strassburger and B. Lexow, Fraunhofer-Institut für Kurzzeitdynamik Ernst-Mach-lnstitut (EMI); A. Krell, Fraunhofer-Institut für Keramische Technologien und Sinterwerkstoffe
Armor Alumina Ceramics 91
Eugene Medvedovski, Ceramic Protection Corporation
Ballistic Performance of Alumina Ceramic Armors 103
MuratVural and Zeki Erim, Istanbul Technical University; B.A. Konduk and A.H. Ucisik, Bogazici University
PENETRATION AND BALLISTIC TESTING
An Overview of Ballistic Testing Methods of Ceramic Materials 113
Michael J. Normandia and William A. Gooch, U.S. Army Research Laboratory
Theory and Experimental Test Methods for Evaluating Ceramic Armor Components 139
Marc A. Adams, jet Propulsion Laboratory
Long Rod Penetration of Ceramics 151
D.L. Orphal, International Research Associates
Depth of Penetration Testing 165
Bryn James, Defense Science and Technology Laboratories
Transition Between Interface Defeat and Penetration for a Given Combination of Projectile and Ceramic Material 173
Patrik Lundberg, Rene Renström, and Lars Westerling, Swedish Defense Research Agency, FOI
SHOCK AND HIGH STRAIN RATE DYNAMIC
Dynamic Fracture of Ceramics and CMC 185
Albert S. Kobayashi, University of Washington
Compressive Fracture of Brittle Solids Under Shock-Wave Loading 197
G. I. Kanel, Institute for High Energy Densities; S. J. Bless, The University of Texas at Austin
Recent Developments in Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar Testing 217
W. Chen and B. Song, The University of Arizona; D. J. Frew and M. J. Forrestal, Sandia National Laboratories
Using Bar Impact to Determine Dynamic Properties of Ceramics 225
Stephan J. Bless, The University of Texas at Austin
Shock Compression and Release Properties of Coors AD995 Alumina 233
William D. Reinhart and Lalit C. Chhabildas, Sanaa National Laboratories; Dennis E. Grady, Applied Research Associates; and Tsutomu Mashimo, Kumamoto University
Compressibility and Shear Strength of Titanium Diboride Under Plane Shock Wave Loading 249
D. R Dandekar and E.J. Rapacki, U.S. Army Research Laboratory
Dynamic Indentation Damage of Ceramics 261
Do Kyung Kim, Chul-Seung Lee, andYoung-Gu Kim, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; Chang Wook Kim and Soon Nam Chang, Agency for Defense Development
Taylor-Impact Experiments for Brittle Ceramic Materials 269
L. C. Chhabildas and W. D. Reinhart, Sandia National Laboratories; D. R Dandekar U.S. Army Research Laboratory
ANALYTICAL AND COMPUTATIONAL MODELING
Historical Perspective on Ceramic Materials Damage Models 281
A.M. Rajendran, U.S. Army Research Laboratory
A Comparison of Ceramic Material Models 299
Douglas W.Templeton, U. S. Army Tank Automotive Research, Development, and Engineering Center.Timothy J. Holmquist, Network Computing Services Inc./Army HPC Research Center, Hubert W. Meyer Jr, David J. Grove, and Brian Leavy, U.S. Army Research Laboratory
Modeling Ceramic Dwell and Interface Defeat 309
Timothy J. Holmquist and Gordon R. Johnson, Network CS/Army High Performance Computing Research Center
3D Finite Element Analysis of Impact Damage in Metallic and Ceramic Targets 317
Fenghua Zhou and jean-Francois Molinari, Johns Hopkins University
A Numerical Investigation of Microcracking Diffusion in Sandwiched Glass Plates 329
Z. Chen and L Shen, University of Missouri-Columbia; G.I. Kanel and S.V. Razorenov, Russian Academy of Sciences
Analytic Model for Penetration of Thick Ceramic Targets 337
James D.Walker; Southwest Research Institute
Grain Level Analysis of Ceramic Microstructures Subjected to Impact Loading 349
Pablo D. Zavattieri and Horacio D. Espinosa, Northwestern University
Analysis and Modeling of Ceramic Armor Penetration 361
S.J. Cimpoeru and R.L Woodward, DSTO Aeronautical and Maritime Research Laboratory
Overview of the Rajendran-Grove Ceramic Failure Model 371
D. J. Grove and A. M. Rajendran, U. S.Army Research Laboratory
DAMAGE EVOLUTION AND MICROMECHANISMS
Failure Phenomenology of Confined Ceramic Targets and Impacting Rods 385
Donald A. Shockey and A.H. Marchand, SRI International; S.R. Skaggs, G.E. Cort, M.W. Burkett, and R. Parken Los Alamos National Laboratory
Micro-Mechanisms of Compression Failure 403
Sia Nemat-Nasser and Sai Sarva, University of California, San Diego
Damage Mitigation in Ceramics: Historical Developments and Future Directions in Army Research 421
D.M. Stepp, U.S. Army Research Office
Indentation Damage Behavior of Armor Ceramics 429
Do Kyung Kim and Chul-Seung Lee, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; Chang Wook Kim and Soon Nam Chang, Agency for Defense Development
Progress in the 3-D Visualization of Interior Ballistic Damage in Armor Ceramics 441
Joseph M.Weils, Nevin L Rupert, and William H. Green, U.S.Army Research Laboratory
PROCESSING AND MANUFACTURING
An Assessment of Low Cost Manufacturing Technology for Advanced Structural Ceramics and Its Impact on Ceramic Armor 451
Richard E.Tressler, The Pennsylvania State University
High-Purity Submicron a-Al2O3 Armor Ceramics Design, Manufacture, and Ballistic Performance 463
Andreas Krell, Fraunhofer Institut fur Keramische Technologien und Sinterwerkstoffe (IKTS); Elmar Strassburger; Fraunhofer Institut für Kurzzeitdynamik (EMI)
Solid Freeform Fabrication of Advanced Armor Concepts: Opportunities for Design and Manufacture 473
RC. McCuiston, S.C. Danforth, M.J. Matthewson, and D.E. Niesz, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
ULTRA-LIGHTWEIGHT AND NOVEL CONCEPTS
Developing an Ultra-Lightweight Armor Concept 485
Charles E. Anderson Jr, Southwest Research Institute
Ceramics That Exhibit a Threshold Strength 499
F. F. Lange, M.R Rao, K. Hbaieb, and R.M. McMeeking, University of California at Santa Barbara
Novel Ideas in Multi-Functional Ceramic Armor Design 511
Sia Nemat-Nasser, Sai Sarva, Jon B. Isaacs, and David W. Lischer; University of California, San Diego
A New Family of Reaction Bonded Ceramics for Armor Applications 527
M. K. Aghajanian, B. N. Morgan, J. R. Singh, M Cubed Technologies, Inc.; J. Mears and R. A.Wolffe, Simula Safety Systems, Inc.
Flexible Ceramic Coated Fiber Fabrics for Lightweight Protection Systems 541
Konstantin von Niessen and Rainer Gadow, University of Stuttgart
Improved Performance of Alumina Ceramics with Carbon Nanotube Reinforcement 551
Michael Sennett, Natick Soldier Center, Sekyung Chang, Robert H. Doremus, Richard W Siegel, Pulickel M. Ajayan, and Linda S. Schadlen Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Recent Progress on the Influence of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties on Ballistic Performance 557
J.C. LaSalvia, U.S. Army Research Laboratory
Transparent Armor
Transparent Armor Materials: Needs and Requirements 573
Parimal J. Patel and Gary A. Gilde, U.S. Army Research Laboratory
Microwave Reactive Sintering to Fully Transparent Aluminum Oxynitride (AION) Ceramics 587
Dinesh Agrawal, Jiping Cheng, and Rustum Roy, The Pennsylvania State University
An Investigation of the Transmission Properties and Ballistic Performance of Hot Pressed Spinel 595
Mark C.L. Patterson, Technology Assessment& Transfer Inc.; Don W Roy, Independent; and Gary Gilde, U.S. Army Research Laboratory
Microstructure and Macrostructure Effects
The Effect of Microstructure on the Dynamic Behavior of Composite Alumina/Titanium Diboride 611
Kathryn V Logan, Georgia Institute of Technology
Phase Equilibrium Studies in Al2O3-TiB2 623
Isabel K. Lloyd, University of Maryland; Kevin J. Doherty and Gary A. Gilde, U.S. Army Research Laboratory
Microstructure Development of Aluminum Oxide/Titanium Diboride Composites for Penetration Resistance 629
J.W.Adams, G.A. Gilde, and M. Burkins, U.S. Army Research Laboratory; L. Prokurat Franks, U.S. Army Tank-Automotive and Armaments Command
The Effect of Metal-Ceramic Bonding on Ballistic Impact 635
Kevin J. Doherty, U.S. Army Research Laboratory
Aspects of Geometry Affecting the Ballistic Performance of Ceramic Targets 643
I. M. Pickup, A. K. Barker R Chenari, and B.J.James, Defense Science and Technology Laboratories; V. Hohler; K.Weber and R. Tham, Faunhofer-lnstitut fur Kurzzeitdynamik (EMI)
Index 651
