The classic quick reference to feline medicine with essential information on diseases, behavior, clinical procedures, and more

Comprehensive yet accessible, this fully updated new edition ofThe Feline Patient offers more than 300 chapters covering all aspects of feline veterinary practice. The book arranges topics alphabetically within sections, allowing busy clinicians to rapidly find information on diagnostics and treatment options, all specific to the unique needs of cats. Omitting lengthy discussions on pathophysiology in favor of an emphasis on clinically relevant information for diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis, the books approach is carefully designed for use in the clinical setting.

The Feline Patient, Fifth Edition includes 30 additional chapters, along with new clinical pearls providing observations about diseases and procedures gleaned by Dr. Norsworthy over his forty-five years of clinical practice, which are called out in boxes. With clinically oriented images throughout, this edition reorganizes several sections in order to accommodate and better present the massive amount of important information.

Includes chapters written by a global list of contributors for an international perspectiveProvides new clinical pearls providing useful advice for practicePresents an improved layout and page design for ease of navigationOffers a new companion website offering hundreds of additional images as well as video clips of clinical cases and procedures

The Feline Patient, Fifth Edition is an essential resource for all veterinary practitioners who work with feline patients, as well as veterinary students.

The Editor

GARY D. NORSWORTHY, DVM, DABVP (Feline), is a Charter Diplomate of the Feline Practice Category of the American Board of Veterinary Practitioners; a Clinical Associate Faculty at Western University of Health Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine in Pomona, California, USA; an Adjunct Professor at Mississippi State University College of Veterinary Medicine in Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA; and the owner of Alamo Feline Health Center in San Antonio, Texas, USA.

Contributors xiii

Preface xvi

Norsworthys Notes xvii

About the Companion Website xviii

Section 1: Diseaases and Conditions

1 Acetaminophen ToxicosisSharon Fooshee Grace 3

2 AcneJason B. Pieper5

3 AcromegalySharon Fooshee Grace7

4 ActinomycosisSharon Fooshee Grace 9

5 Adenocarcinoma and CarcinomaJohn Metcalfe Thomason 12

6 AmyloidosisAndrew Sparkes 14

7 Anal Sac DiseaseGary D. Norsworthy and Anne Romeo 16

8 Anaplasmosis (Ehrlichiosis)Sharon Fooshee Grace 18

9 AnemiaSharon Fooshee Grace 20

10 AnorexiaElaine Wexler-Mitchell 23

11 Aortic StenosisLarry P. Tilley 25

12 ArrhythmiasMichael S. Miller and Larry P. Tilley 27

13 AscitesLarry P. Tilley 30

14 AspergillosisSharon Fooshee Grace 32

15 Aspirin ToxicosisSharon Fooshee Grace 35

16 Atopic DermatitisSarah ONeill 37

17 BartonellosisJohn Metcalfe Thomason 40

18 Basal Cell TumorsBradley R. Schmidt 42

19 Biliary CystsMiche`le Fradin-Ferme 44

20 Bite Wounds by CaninesGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 47

21 Bite Wounds byFelines Gary D. Norsworthy and Anne Romeo 49

22 BlastomycosisSharon Fooshee Grace 52

23 BlindnessKaren R. Brantman 55

24 Bordetella InfectionTeija Kaarina Viita-aho 57

25 Brachial Plexus NeuropathyGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 59

26 Brachycephalic Airway SyndromeRyan Butler, Mac Maxwell, and Gary D. Norsworthy 60

27 Bronchial Disease, ChronicElaine Wexler-Mitchell 63

28 Calicivirus InfectionGary D. Norsworthy and Anne Romeo 68

29 CarcinomatosisBradley R. Schmidt 71

30 CataractsCharles H. Bonney 74

31 Ceruminous Gland DiseaseElaine Wexler-Mitchell 77

32 Cervical VentroflexionElizabeth J. Colleran 80

33 Chlamydophila InfectionTeija Kaarina Viita-aho 82

34 ChylothoraxGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 85

35 Cobalamin DeficiencyJorg M. Steiner 89

36 CoccidioidomycosisSharon Fooshee Grace 91

37 Coccidiosis, EntericElizabeth J. Colleran 93

38 Constipation ObstipationSharon Fooshee Grace 95

39 Corneal UlcersGwen H. Sila and Casey C. Robinson 97

40 CoughingGary D. Norsworthy and Anne Romeo 102

41 CryptococcosisSharon Fooshee Grace 104

42 CryptosporidiosisJennifer Lavallee 107

43 Cutaneous Markers of Systemic DiseaseJason B. Pieper 109

44 CuterebriasisSharon Fooshee Grace 112

45 Cystitis, IdiopathicTatiana Weissova and Gary D. Norsworthy114

46 CytauxzoonosisJennifer Lavallee and Gary D. Norsworthy 120

47 DermatophytosisSarahONeill 122

48 Diabetes InsipidusAndrew Sparkes 127

49 Diabetes Mellitus, Chronic ComplicationsGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 129

50 Diabetes Mellitus, Loose ControlGary D. Norsworthy and Anne Romeo 131

51 Diabetes Mellitus, Tight Control and RemissionAudrey K. Cook 133

52 Diabetes Mellitus, Traditional ControlAudrey K. Cook 136

53 Diabetic KetoacidosisAudrey K. Cook 139

54 Diaphragmatic HerniaGary D. Norsworthy and Anne Romeo 142

55 DiarrheaJohn Metcalfe Thomason146

56 Digital DiseasesElizabeth Colleran 149

57 Dilated CardiomyopathyLarry P. Tilley 152

58 Draining Tracts and NodulesSarah ONeill 158

59 DysautonomiaKaren Lovelace Tofte 164

60 DyspneaGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 166

61 DystociaGary D. Norsworthy and Anne Romeo 168

62 Dysuria, Pollakiuria, and StranguriaGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 171

63 Ear MitesSharon Fooshee Grace 173

64 Envenomization:ArachnidsTatiana Weissova 175

65 Envenomization: InsectsTatiana Weissova 179

66 Envenomization: SnakesTatiana Weissova 182

67 Eosinophilic Granuloma ComplexSarah ONeill 186

68 Eosinophilic KeratoconjunctivitisLindsey N. Pelych and Gwen H. Sila 190

69 Esophageal DiseaseAndrew Sparkes 193

70 Ethylene Glycol ToxicityTatiana Weissova and Gary D. Norsworthy 198

71 Exocrine Pancreatic InsufficiencyJorg M. Steiner 202

72 Eyelid Diseases and SurgeryLindsey N. Pelych and Gwen H. Sila 204

73 Feline Enteric Coronavirus InfectionGary D. Norsworthy and Anne Romeo 208

74 Feline Immunodeficiency Virus InfectionSharon Fooshee Grace 210

75 Feline Infectious PeritonitisGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 212

76 Feline Leukemia Virus DiseasesFernanda Vieira Amorim da Costa and Gary D. Norsworthy 215

77 Femoral Neck OsteopathyJustin Harper 220

78 FeverJennifer Lavallee 223

79 Flea Allergy DermatitisJason B. Pieper 225

80 FleasSharon Fooshee Grace 228

81 Flukes: Liver, Biliary, and PancreaticGary D. Norsworthy and Anne Romeo 230

82 Food ReactionsJason B. Pieper 233

83 GiardiasisJennifer Lavallee 235

84 GlaucomaCharles H. Bonney 237

85 GlomerulonephritisGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 240

86 Granulosa-theca Cell TumorFernanda Vieira Amorim da Costa and Heloisa Justen Moreira de Souza 242

87 Heartworm Disease and Heartworm-associated Respiratory DiseaseJane E. Brunt 244

88 Heinz Body Hemolytic Anemia and MethemoglobinemiaSharon Fooshee Grace 248

89 Helicobacter InfectionCourtney North 250

90 HemangiosarcomaBradley R. Schmidt 252

91 HemoplasmosisSharon Fooshee Grace and Gary D. Norsworthy 255

92 Hepatic LipidosisGary D. Norsworthy and Anne Romeo 258

93 Hepatitis, InflammatorySharon Fooshee Grace 262

94 Herpesvirus InfectionSharon Fooshee Grace 267

95 High-rise SyndromeElizabeth Colleran 270

96 HistoplasmosisSharon Fooshee Grace 272

97 HookwormsJennifer Lavallee 276

98 Horners SyndromeSharon Fooshee Grace 278

99 HydronephrosisGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 280

100 HyperadrenocorticismKaren Lovelace Tofte 283

101 Hyperaldosteronism, Primary (Conns Disease)Andrew Sparkes 286

102 HypercalcemiaMiche`le Fradin-Ferme 289

103 Hypereosinophilic SyndromeSharon Fooshee Grace 292

104 Hyperesthesia SyndromeJennifer Lavallee 294

105 HyperkalemiaMiche`le Fradin-Ferme 296

106 HyperparathyroidismFernanda Vieira Amorim da Costa 299

107 Hypertension, SystemicBeate Egner303

108 Hypertensive CardiomyopathyBeate Egner 308

109 HyperthyroidismJennifer Lavallee, James K. Olson, and Gary D. Norsworthy 311

110 Hypertrophic CardiomyopathyLarry P. Tilley 316

111 HypoadrenocorticismKaren Lovelace Tofte 324

112 HypoalbuminemiaSharon Fooshee Grace 326

113 HypocalcemiaKaren Lovelace Tofte 329

114 HypokalemiaAudrey K. Cook 332

115 HypomagnesemiaMiche`le Fradin-Ferme 334

116 HypophosphatemiaStephanie Gandy Murphy 336

117 IcterusSharon Fooshee Grace 338

118 Idiopathic Ulcerative DermatitisJason B. Pieper 341

119 IleusAnthony P. Carr 344

120 Immune-mediated Hemolytic AnemiaAnthony P. Carr 347

121 Inflammatory Bowel DiseaseCourtney North 349

122 Inflammatory Polyps and MassesGary D. Norsworthy and Anne Romeo 352

123 Intraocular TumorsKaren R. Brantman 355

124 Ischemic EncephalopathySharon Fooshee Grace 358

125 Keratitis and ConjunctivitisCharles H. Bonney 360

126 Kidneys, Abnormal SizeGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 365

127 Laryngeal DiseaseAndrew Sparkes 367

128 Leprosy SyndromeSharon Fooshee Grace 371

129 Linear Foreign BodiesGary D. Norsworthy and Anne Romeo 374

130 Lumbosacral Disease and Spondylosis DeformansGary D. Norsworthy and Anne Romeo 377

131 Lung ParasitesGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 379

132 LymphomaBradley R. Schmidt 381

133 Malassezia DermatitisJason B. Pieper 384

134 Mammary HyperplasiaGary D. Norsworthy and Anne Romeo 385

135 Mammary NeoplasiaBradley R. Schmidt 387

136 Manx SyndromeJennifer Lavallee 390

137 Mast Cell TumorsBradley R. Schmidt 393

138 MegacolonAnthony P. Carr 396

139 MeningiomaSharon Fooshee Grace 401

140 MesotheliomaFernanda Vieira Amorim da Costa 403

141 Metaldehyde ToxicosisTatiana Weissova 405

142 Miliary DermatitisJason B. Pieper 407

143 Mitral Valve DysplasiaLarry P. Tilley 408

144 Mosquito Bite HypersensitivityJason B. Pieper 410

145 MurmursLarry P. Tilley and Francis W.K. Smith, Jr. 412

146 Myasthenia GravisPaula A. Schuerer and Sharon Fooshee Grace414

147 Mycobacterial Diseases, Rapidly GrowingSharon Fooshee Grace 416

148 MyiasisElizabeth Colleran 418

149 Nasal and Frontal Sinus Disease, ChronicGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 420

150 Nasopharyngeal DiseaseArnold Plotnick 422

151 Neonatal IsoerythrolysisSharon Fooshee Grace 424

152 Neurogenic BladderSharon Fooshee Grace 426

153 NocardiosisSharon Fooshee Grace 428

154 ObesityChristopher J. H. Simpson 430

155 Oral NeoplasiaBradley R. Schmidt 435

156 Organophosphate and Carbamate ToxicosisGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 438

157 Osteoarthritis and Degenerative Joint DiseaseAndrew Sparkes 440

158 Otitis ExternaGary D. Norsworthy and Anne Romeo443

159 Otitis Media and InternaSharon Fooshee Grace 448

160 Ovarian Remnant SyndromeErin ODocharty Dresner 451

161 Palatine Arterial BleedingRichard Malik 453

162 Pancreatitis, AcuteJorg M. Steiner457

163 Pancreatitis, ChronicJorg M. Steiner 460

164 Panleukopenia (Feline Parvovirus Infection)Sharon Fooshee Grace 462

165 Panniculitis and SteatitisAnthony P. Carr 465

166 Paraneoplastic SyndromesJohn Metcalfe Thomason 467

167 Patent Ductus ArteriosusLarry P. Tilley 469

168 Pectus ExcavatumSharon Fooshee Grace 472

169 Pemphigus FoliaceusSarah ONeill 474

170 Perinephric PseudocystsFernanda Vieira Amorim da Costa 477

171 Peritonitis, SepticSharon Fooshee Grace 481

172 PlagueSharon Fooshee Grace 485

173 Plant ToxicitiesKaren Lovelace Tofte 487

174 Pleural EffusionGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 497

175 PneumothoraxGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 500

176 Pododermatitis, PlasmacyticMelanie J. Dobromylskyj, Richard Malik, and Gary D. Norsworthy 503

177 Polyarthritis, Immune-mediatedChristopher J. H. Simpson 506

178 Polycystic Kidney DiseaseGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 509

179 Polyuria and PolydipsiaJohn Metcalfe Thomason 512

180 Portosystemic ShuntsJonathan A. Lidbury 514

181 Pregnancy, Parturition, and LactationTeija Kaarina Viita-aho 517

182 Pulmonary FibrosisSharon Fooshee Grace 520

183 Pulmonic StenosisLarry P. Tilley 522

184 PyelonephritisGary D. Norsworthy and Anne Romeo 524

185 Pyometra and MucometraGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 527

186 PyothoraxGary D. Norsworthy and Anne Romeo 530

187 Pyrethrin and Pyrethroid ToxicosisGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 533

188 Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency in Somali and Abyssinian CatsStella de Faria Valle 534

189 RabiesElizabeth Colleran 536

190 Recreational Drug ToxicosisTatiana Weissova 538

191 Rectal DiseaseHeloisa Justen Moreira de Souza and Katia Barão Corgozinho542

192 Refeeding SyndromeKaren Lovelace Tofte 545

193 Renal Disease, ChronicGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 548

194 Renal Failure, AcuteSharon Fooshee Grace 551

195 Restrictive CardiomyopathyMichael S. Miller and Larry P. Tilley 555

196 Retinal DiseaseKaren R. Brantman 558

197 Rodenticide ToxicosisJennifer Lavallee 562

198 RoundwormsJennifer Lavallee 564

199 SalmonellosisJohn Metcalfe Thomason 566

200 Sarcomas, Injection SiteSharon Fooshee Grace 568

201 Sarcoma, OtherJohn Metcalfe Thomason 571

202 Scottish Fold OsteochondrodysplasiaSharon Fooshee Grace 574

203 SeizuresSharon Fooshee Grace 576

204 Skin ParasitesJason B. Pieper 580

205 Small Bowel Disease, ChronicGary D. Norsworthy 585

206 SporotrichosisJennifer Lavallee 588

207 Squamous Cell Carcinoma, CutaneousBradley R. Schmidt 590

208 Stomach WormsJohn Metcalfe Thomason 594

209 Stomatitis-GingivitisElaine Wexler-Mitchell 596

210 Stud TailJason B. Pieper 600

211 Tail-pull InjuriesSharon Fooshee Grace 601

212 TapewormsJennifer Lavallee 604

213 Temporomandibular Joint DiseaseGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 606

214 TetanusSharon Fooshee Grace 610

215 Tetralogy ofFallot Larry P. Tilley and Michael S. Miller 613

216 Thiamine DeficiencyGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 616

217 Third Eyelid DiseasesMichael C. West and Gwen H. Sila 618

218 Thromboembolic DiseaseLarry P. Tilley 621

219 ThymomaBradley R. Schmidt 625

220 Tooth ResorptionJan Bellows 628

221 ToxoplasmosisGary D. Norsworthy and Sharon Fooshee Grace 632

222 Tracheal DiseaseAndrew Sparkes 635

223 Triad DiseaseAnthony P. Carr 639

224 TrichobezoarsElaine Wexler-Mitchell 642

225 TritrichomoniasisJennifer Lavallee 645

226 Ureteral ObstructionRhett Marshall and Marcus Gunew 648

227 Urethral ObstructionRhett Marshall and Marcus Gunew654

228 Urinary Bladder TumorsBradley R. Schmidt 659

229 UrolithiasisGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 662

230 UveitisMichael C. West and Gwen H. Sila 666

231 Ventricular Septal DefectLarry P. Tilley 670

232 Vestibular SyndromeElaine Wexler-Mitchell 673

233 Viral DermatitisJason B. Pieper 675

234 Vitamin A ToxicosisGary D. Norsworthy and Anne Romeo 678

235 Vitamin D ToxicosisGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 680

236 VomitingJennifer Lavallee 682

237 Weight LossAnthony P. Carr 685

238 Zoonotic DiseasesJennifer Lavallee 688

Section 2: Behavior

239 Aggression, Human DirectedDebra F. Horwitz and Amy L. Pike 699

240 Aggression, IntercatDebra F. Horwitz and Amy L. Pike703

241 Behavioral PharmaceuticalsDebra F. Horwitz and Amy L. Pike 707

242 Environmental Enrichment in the HomeDebra F. Horwitz and Amy L. Pike 711

243 Environmental Enrichment in the HospitalGary D. Norsworthy and Linda Schmeltzer 716

244 HousesoilingDebra F. Horwitz and Amy L. Pike 719

245 Psychogenic AlopeciaDebra F. Horwitz and Amy L. Pike 724

246 Urine MarkingDebra F. Horwitz and Amy L. Pike 728

Section 3: Surgery

247 Bulla Osteotomy, Ventral ApproachDon R. Waldron 733

248 ColectomyDon R. Waldron 739

249 Corneal SurgeryMichael C. West and Gwen H. Sila 744

250 Cranial Cruciate Ligament RuptureRyan Butler and Mac Maxwell 747

251 Cryptorchidism SurgeryRyan Butler and Mac Maxwell 749

252 Dental Extraction TechniquesJan Bellows 752

253 Esophagostomy Tube PlacementGary D. Norsworthy and Anne Romeo 756

254 Frontal Sinus ObliterationGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 760

255 Gastrostomy Tube PlacementDon R. Waldron 761

256 Hypothermia, SurgicalGary D. Norsworthy and Anne Romeo 764

257 Jejunostomy Tube PlacementDon R. Waldron 766

258 Laparotomy for Chronic Small Bowel DiseaseGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 770

259 Laser Surgery, CO2John C. Godbold, Jr. 772

260 Lip Avulsion ReattachmentGary D. Norsworthy and Anne Romeo 775

261 Luxating PatellaOtto I. Lanz 777

262 Mandibular Symphyseal SeparationDon R. Waldron 780

263 MastectomyDon R. Waldron 782

264 Maxillomandibular FixationGary D. Norsworthy and Anne Romeo 785

265 Nasopharyngeal Mass RemovalGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 787

266 Nephrolith RemovalDon R. Waldron 790

267 OnychectomyDon R. Waldron 793

268 Oronasal Fistula RepairHeloisa Justen Moreira de Souza and Katia Barão Corgozinho 796

269 Pain ManagementSabine Tacke 803

270 Perivulvar Skin Fold RemovalGary D. Norsworthy and Anne Romeo 807

271 RanulaGary D. Norsworthy 810

272 RhinotomyGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 812

273 Skin Flaps, LocalRyan Butler and Mac Maxwell 815

274 Thoracostomy Tube PlacementDon R. Waldron 819

275 ThyroidectomyGary D. Norsworthy and Anne Romeo 822

276 Total Ear Canal Ablation and Lateral Bulla OsteotomyDon R. Waldron 826

277 Urethrostomy, PerinealDon R. Waldron 830

278 Urethrostomy, Perineal: RepairGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 834

279 Urethrostomy, PrepubicDon R. Waldron 838

280 UretrotomyDon R. Waldron 840

281 Urinary Bladder MarsupializationGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 842

Section 4: Cytology

282 AdenocarcinomaAmy C. Valenciano and Rick L. Cowell 847

283 AscitesKathryn Jacocks 849

284 Atypical Bacterial InfectionsKathryn Jacocks, Amy C. Valenciano, and Rick L. Cowell 851

285 Hepatic LipidosisKathryn Jacocks, Amy C. Valenciano, and Rick L. Cowell 853

286 Inflammation versus NeoplasiaKathryn Jacocks, Amy C. Valenciano, and Rick L. Cowell 855

287 Lymph Node DiseaseKathryn Jacocks, Amy C. Valenciano, and Rick L. Cowell 863

288 LymphomaAmy C. Valenciano, Kathryn Jacocks, and Rick L. Cowell 866

289 Mast Cell TumorsAmy C. Valenciano, Kathryn Jacocks, and Rick L. Cowell 868

290 Plasma Cell Inflammation and NeoplasiaKathryn Jacocks, Amy C. Valenciano, and Rick L. Cowell 870

291 Pleural EffusionsAmy C. Valenciano, Kathryn Jacocks, and Rick L. Cowell 872

292 Sample StainingAmy C. Valenciano, Kathryn Jacocks, and Rick L. Cowell 876

293 SarcomaAmy C. Valenciano, Kathryn Jacocks, and Rick L. Cowell 879

294 Systemic Fungal DiseasesKathryn Jacocks, Amy C. Valenciano, and Rick L. Cowell 881

295 Transtracheal Wash HemosiderosisKathryn Jacocks, Amy C. Valenciano, and Rick L. Cowell 884

Section 5: Clinical Procedures

296 Blood Gas AnalysisEduardo Raposo Monteiro and Fernanda Vieira Amorim da Costa 889

297 Blood TransfusionSharon Fooshee Grace 892

298 Bone Marrow AspirationJohn Metcalfe Thomason 895

299 Cardiopulmonary ArrestMedora B. Pashmakova 898

300 Central Venous Catheter PlacementMedora B. Pashmakova and James W. Barr 902

301 Cerebrospinal Fluid Collection (Atlanto-Occipital)Sharon Fooshee Grace 905

302 Endoscopic ApplicationsAudrey K. Cook 907

303 Enteral NutritionAnthony P. Carr 917

304 EuthanasiaElizabeth Colleran 920

305 Fine-needle BiopsyJohn Metcalfe Thomason 924

306 Fluid TherapySharon Fooshee Grace 926

307 Fluid Therapy for ShockFernanda Vieira Amorim da Costa and Leandro Fadel 930

308 Jugular Blood CollectionGary D. Norsworthy and Anne Romeo 933

309 Lymphoma, ChemotherapyBradley R. Schmidt 935

310 Ophthalmic ExaminationKaren R. Brantman 940

311 Orogastric Tube FeedingGary D. Norsworthy and Anne Romeo 943

312 Radioiodine Therapy for HyperthyroidismJennifer Lavallee, James K. Olson, and Gary D. Norsworthy 945

313 Restraint Techniques and DevicesGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 947

314 Testing ProceduresGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 950

Section 6: Topics of Special Interest

315 Age ApproximationKaren Lovelace Tofte 955

316 Aging Changes in CatsFernanda Vieira Amorim da Costa 958

317 Body Surface Area ConversionGary D. Norsworthy and Lisa M. Restine 961

318 Calcitriol in Feline PatientsJoao Felipe de Brito Galvao and Dennis J. Chew 962

319 Catnip Effects in CatsSharon Fooshee Grace 967

320 Echocardiographic TablesLarry P. Tilley and Francis W.K. Smith, Jr. 968

321 Electrocardiographic TablesLarry P. Tilley and Francis W.K. Smith, Jr. 970

322 End of Life IssuesWilliam Ray Folger 971

323 Genetic DiseasesJerold S. Bell 974

324 History of Feline-only Practice and Feline Medicine in the United StatesGary D. Norsworthy 977

325 Normal Laboratory ValuesGary D. Norsworthy, Lisa M. Restine, and Anne Romeo 991

326 NutritionDebra L. Zoran 993

327 Palliative and Hospice CareAlice E. Villalobos 997

328 PolydactylismSharon Fooshee Grace 1000

329 Pulse Wave AnalysisBeate Egner 1002

330 PurringSharon Fooshee Grace 1006

331 VibrissaeSharon Fooshee Grace 1008

332 Drug FormularyGary D. Norsworthy, Lisa M. Restine, and Anne Romeo 1010

Index 1049