Gold-colored (zircon) is refractory, hard, and resistant to chemical attack. Its main use is an opacifier, conferring a white, opaque appearance to ceramic materials and alloying agent. Its compounds are used in many biomedical applications, including dental implants, knee and hip replacements, and middle-ear ossicular chain reconstruction. Zirconium dioxide (zirconia) has exceptional fracture toughness and chemical resistance so it is used as a thermal barrier coating and a common diamond substitute. Also, it is used in laboratory crucible, metallurgical furnaces, grinding wheels, sandpaper and as a refractory material. Therefore, it is important to study the properties of zirconium and its oxide.

Awad Sadek mogoda, PhD of physical chemistry from Cairo University in 1986. He interests in the studies of the corrosion inhibition of metals and alloys, preparation of thin anodic oxide films, superconductors preparations, electrochemical treatment of textile wastewater and nanoporous silicon preparation. Prof.of physical chemistry at Cairo Univ.