This book, has a brief introduction about the heteropoly acids, especially the Keggin structure, the description of chemicals used and a brief description of the preparation methods used for the synthesis of catalysts are given as well as techniques used for catalyst characterisation. In addition to the description of the devices used in analysis the reactants, reaction products, conditions of analysis and calculation methods. It also, describes the devices used and procedure for the hydrodesulfurization reaction and conditions of experiments. Phosphomolybdic acid H3PMo12O40 (PMA), Phosphotungstic acid H3PW12O40 (PWA), nickel, cobalt substituted PMA, PWA supported on silica and prepared with different loadings. The focus is on desulfurization of thiophene and dibenzothiophene, which are considered as most important refractory sulfur compounds to be desulfurized. (PMA)/SiO2 and (PWA)/SiO2 were synthesized by wet impregnation method. The results of catalyst characterisation are described and information about the structure and physicochemical properties of the prepared catalysts are also described by different techniques.

Born in Yemen 1977Received a bachelor's degree in chemistry from the University of Sana'a in 2000.Worked as a lecturer at the University of Ibb from 2002 to 2005.Received a master's degree in inorganic chemistry from King Saud University in 2010, and received a doctorate in the specialty of inorganic chemistry from King Saud University in 2016.