This volume of the Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, Second Edition, provides a broad and comprehensive view of air pollution, extending from ground-level, localized air quality and regional and global air quality and effects, to sensors and measurement and air pollution control. Despite substantial improvements in many parts of the world, globally, air pollution remains the most hazardous environmental threat. The increasing quality of exposure assessments, access to new and better statistical methods, and more complete and precise health data have led to stronger associations between air pollution exposure and health effects. Air pollution exposure-effect relationships have now been established for a wide variety of health outcomes, and well documented through parallel studies in many countries around the world using a variety of approaches and methodologies. Assessments of the health effects in the population are now performed on a routine basis in many countries and by many agencies, and often these also include calculation of externalities associated with the negative health effects. Such knowledge is essential for pushing development towards a more sustainable society. This volume covers topics including, but not limited to, basic knowledge to understand foundational concepts and drivers of regional and global air pollution in relation to air quality and ways to sense, measure and control pollutants, while placing this knowledge into the perspectives of health and technological systems.

Michael Evan Goodsite, B.Sc.C.E., M.Sc.Env.E., MBA, Ph.D., FIEAust, FIUPAC, MAusIMM, MAICD, is Full Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Interim Director of The Institute for Mineral and Energy Resources (IMER), and the Director of the UoA Industry Engagement Priority for Energy, Mining and Resources (reporting to the Provost in this role). Professor Goodsite is Seconded from his role as Head of the School of Civil, Environmental and Mining Engineering. He was Professor of Atmospheric Chemistry, Climate and Global Processes at the University of Southern Denmark and formerly the Region of Southern Denmark's Chief Operating Officer with responsibility for Regional Development. A portfolio that included Regional business development, environment, and natural resources. His international university service includes Special Advisor to the Peking University Centre for Natural Resource Economics, China, Adjunct Professor at the University of Iceland, and Honorary Senior Research Fellow to the Institute for Security and Development Policy (ISDP) in Stockholm, Sweden.School of Civil, Environmental and Mining Engineering, The Australian School of Petroleum, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia Matthew Stanley Johnson, Ph.D., B.A., is Professor of Chemistry at the University of Copenhagen and Chief Science Officer at Airlabs. His research is in atmospheric chemistry, clean technology, and innovation. This work includes the kinetics and spectroscopy of pollution and the development of new pollution control systems. Professor Johnson has published more than 110 peer-reviewed journal articles, 8 patents, and the book Chemistry and the Environment. He has received the Environmental Prize from the Aase og Ejnar Danielsen Fond, the Innovation Prize from the University of Copenhagen, and was voted Best Teacher by the students in the Department of Chemistry. Professor Johnson has served as an Advisor for NASA and sits on the board of the Villum (High Arctic) Research Station and Infuser, a successful spin-off company from the University of Copenhagen.Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, https://scholar.goo gle.se/citations?user¼CVtvNmQAAAAJ&hl¼en Ole Hertel, D.Sc., Ph.D., M.Sc., B.Sc., is Deputy Head of Department, Head of PhD Program, and Full Professor in the Department of Environmental Science at Aarhus University. His research is air pollution modelling and assessment of human exposure to air pollution. In recent years he has worked with low-cost air pollution sensors for pollution mapping and personal exposure monitoring. Professor Hertel has published more than 110 peer-reviewed journal articles, more than 100 technical reports, almost 30 textbook contributions, and he has contributed more than 200 conference presentations. He has been involved in numerous national and international research projects regarding assessment of air pollution impacts on human health, nature, and climate. Professor Hertel is former Vice Chair of the Scientific Committee at the European Environment Agency (EEA) and has served in several committees of the International Union for Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) and for the Nordic Council of Ministers. He is Advisor to the Danish Ministry of Environment, the Danish Ministry of Health, and Copenhagen Municipality. Professor Hertel is member of editorial committees of several international peer-reviewed journals. He is Adjunct Professor at the University of Roskilde, Denmark.Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark