This new edition ofBiological Oceanography has been greatly updated and expanded since its initial publication in 2004. It presents current understanding of ocean ecology emphasizing the character of marine organisms from viruses to fish and worms, together with their significance to their habitats and to each other.

The book initially emphasizes pelagic organisms and processes, but benthos, hydrothermal vents, climate-change effects, and fisheries all receive attention. The chapter on oceanic biomes has been greatly expanded and a new chapter reviewing approaches to pelagic food webs has been added. Throughout, the book has been revised to account for recent advances in this rapidly changing field. The increased importance of molecular genetic data across the field is evident in most of the chapters.

As with the previous edition, the book is primarily written for senior undergraduate and graduate students of ocean ecology and professional marine ecologists.

Visitwww.wiley.com/go/miller/oceanography to access the artwork from the book.

Charlie Miller, now Emeritus Professor of Oceanography at Oregon State University, taught biological oceanography and zooplankton biology for many years. His research contributions have concentrated on seasonal processes in the ecology of marine zooplankton, particularly copepods, in the Oregon coastal zone and estuaries, the Gulf of Alaska, Georges Bank and the Gulf of Maine.

Patricia Wheeler, now Emeritus Distinguished Professor of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences at Oregon State University, taught biological oceanography and phytoplankton physiology there for many years. Her research contributions address phytoplankton nutrient dynamics and include work on dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen. She conducted field work in the Equatorial Pacific, the northern California Current system and the Arctic Ocean.

Preface to the second edition vii

Acknowledgements viii

1 Ocean ecology: some fundamental aspects 1

2 The phycology of phytoplankton 19

3 Habitat determinants of primary production in the sea 49

4 Numerical models: the standard form of theory in pelagic ecology 73

5 A sea of microbes: archaea, bacteria, protists, and viruses in the marine pelagial 96

6 The zoology of zooplankton 115

7 Production ecology of marine zooplankton 130

8 Population biology of zooplankton 158

9 Pelagic food webs 181

10 Biogeography of pelagic habitats 202

11 Biome and province analysis of the oceans 230

12 Adaptive complexes of meso- and bathypelagic organisms 276

13 The fauna of deep-sea sediments 292

14 Some benthic community ecology 321

15 Submarine hydrothermal vents 351

16 Ocean ecology and global climate change 367

17 Fisheries oceanography 396

References 427

Index 459