Noted for its accessible approach, this text applies the latest approaches of power analysis to both null hypothesis and minimum-effect testing using the same basic unified model. Through the use of a few simple procedures and examples, the authors show readers with little expertise in statistical analysis how to obtain the values needed to carry out the power analysis for their research. Illustrations of how these analyses work and how they can be used to choose the appropriate criterion for defining statistically significant outcomes are sprinkled throughout. The book presents a simple and general model for statistical power analysis based on the F statistic and reviews how to determine: the sample size needed to achieve desired levels of power; the level of power needed in a study; the size of effect that can be reliably detected by a study; and sensible criteria for statistical significance. The book helps readers design studies, diagnose existing studies, and understand why hypothesis tests come out out the way they do.The fourth edition features:-New Boxed Material sections provide examples of power analysis in action and discuss unique issues that arise as a result of applying power analyses in different designs.-Many more worked examples help readers apply the concepts presented.-Expanded coverage of power analysis for multifactor analysis of variance (ANOVA) to show readers how to analyze up to four factors with repeated measures on any or all of the factors.-Re-designed and expanded web based One Stop F Calculator software and data sets that allow users to perform all of the book's analyses and conduct significance tests, power analyses, and assessments of N and alpha needed for traditional and minimum-effects tests.-Easy to apply formulas for approximating the number of subjects required to reach adequate levels of power in a wide range of studies.Intended as a supplement for graduate/advanced undergraduate courses in research methods or experimental design, intermediate, advanced, or multivariate statistics, statistics II, or psychometrics, taught in psychology, education, business, and other social and health sciences, researchers also appreciate the book's applied approach.