Outbreak: Cases in Real-World Microbiology, 2nd Edition, is the newest edition of this fascinating textbook designed for introductory microbiology students and instructors. Thoroughly revised, this collection of case studies of real-world disease outbreaks, generously illustrated in full color, offers material that directly impacts college-level students, while the book's unique presentation offers instructors the flexibility to use it effectively in a number of ways.
More than 90 outbreak case studies, organized into six sections according to the human body system affected, illustrate the wide range of diseases caused by microbial pathogens. The studies are presented at differing levels of difficulty and can be taught at all undergraduate levels. Each case study includes questions for students to think about, discuss, and answer, and the book includes an appendix that directs students to the specific reference material on which each case was based, providing the opportunity to investigate further and to apply the reference content to the case being studied.
Each of the six sections of the book concludes with a College Perspective and a Global Perspective case study. The College Perspective provides a direct and practical link between the microbiology course and the daily lives of students. The Global Perspective connects students with outbreaks that have occurred in countries around the world to facilitate understanding of the social, religious, economic, and political values at play in the treatment and prevention of infectious disease. At the end of every section, detailed descriptions offer concise yet complete information on each disease involved in that section.
Introduction xiii
About the Author xvii
Section I Outbreaks of Diseases of the Respiratory Tract 1
Outbreak I-1 A Legionellosis OutbreakBarceloneta 4
Outbreak I-2 An Outbreak of Respiratory Syncytial Virus InfectionArviat, Canada 5
Outbreak I-3 A Tuberculosis Outbreak in a Prison Housing Inmates Infected with HIVSouth Carolina 7
Outbreak I-4 An Otitis Media Outbreak in a Child Care CenterGeorgia 9
Outbreak I-5 An Outbreak of a RashVenezuela and Colombia 11
Outbreak I-6 Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome OutbreakVermont 13
Outbreak I-7 A Diphtheria OutbreakNewly Independent States of the Former Soviet Union 15
Outbreak I-8 An Outbreak of Mycoplasmal PneumoniaOhio 17
Outbreak I-9 A Pneumonia Outbreak in a Nursing HomeNew Jersey 18
Outbreak I-10 Past and Future Pandemics of Influenza AWorldwide, 1918 to Present 19
Outbreak I-11 A Pharyngitis Outbreak in the Marine CorpsSan Diego 21
Outbreak I-12 A Measles Outbreak in Kosovar Refugee ChildrenAlbania 23
Outbreak I-13 A Swimming Pool-Related Outbreak of Pharyngitis and ConjunctivitisSpain 25
Outbreak I-14 A Cruise Ship-Associated Legionnaires Disease Outbreak 27
Outbreak I-15 A Pertussis EpidemicWashington State 29
College Perspective
Outbreak I-16 A Mumps Outbreak on a University CampusCalifornia 31
Global Perspective
Outbreak I-17 A Diphtheria OutbreakColombia 34
Reference Material 37
Section II Outbreaks of Disease of the Gastrointestinal Tract 51
Outbreak II-1 ASalmonella entericaserovar Enteritidis Outbreak from Eating EggsMultistate 54
Outbreak II-2 A Diarrhea Outbreak Associated with Swimming Pool UseOhio 56
Outbreak II-3 Diarrhea among Attendees of the Washington County FairNew York 58
Outbreak II-4 An Amoebiasis OutbreakGeorgia 60
Outbreak II-5 A Typhoid Fever Outbreak Linked with a Frozen Fruit DrinkFlorida 62
Outbreak II-6 A Diarrhea Outbreak in a Day Care NurseryJuneau, Alaska 64
Outbreak II-7 A Foodborne Outbreak of Bloody DiarrheaMultistate 66
Outbreak II-8 A Multistate Outbreak of ListeriosisNortheastern United States 68
Outbreak II-9 An Outbreak of Rotaviral Gastroenteritis among ChildrenJamaica 69
Outbreak II-10 Bloody Diarrhea Associated with Eating Ground BeefUnited States 71
Outbreak II-11 A Hepatitis Outbreak Associated with Restaurant OnionsPennsylvania 73
Outbreak II-12 A Rotavirus Outbreak among College StudentsDistrict of Columbia 75
Outbreak II-13 A Cholera Outbreak in a Refugee CampDemocratic Republic of the Congo 77
Outbreak II-14 A Diarrhea Outbreak Associated with Raw Milk and Cheese ConsumptionPennsylvania 80
Outbreak II-15 A Listeriosis Outbreak Associated with Pasteurized MilkMassachusetts 83
Outbreak II-16 An Outbreak Associated with Seasonal Consumption of Raw Ground BeefWisconsin 85
College Perspective
Outbreak II-17 A Diarrhea Outbreak Associated with an Adventure RaceNevada 87
Global Perspective
Outbreak II-18 A Case-Control Study of an Outbreak ofClostridioides difficileat a Tertiary Care Medical CenterAmsterdam, The Netherlands 89
Reference Material 93
Section III Pathogens and Diseases That Are Transmitted Sexually 105
Outbreak III-1 An STD Outbreak among TeenagersGeorgia 107
Outbreak III-2 An STD Outbreak among Hispanic MenCalifornia 109
Outbreak III-3 An Outbreak of HIV Disease in the Adult-Film IndustryCalifornia 111
Outbreak III-4 An Outbreak of Azithromycin-Resistant GonorrheaKansas City 113
Outbreak III-5 Invasive Cervical Cancer among WomenUnited States 115
Outbreak III-6 A Proctitis Outbreak among Men Who Have Sex with MenNetherlands 117
Outbreak III-7 A Syphilis Outbreak Connected to a Cybersex Chat RoomSan Francisco 119
Outbreak III-8 STDs in Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation Enduring FreedomIraq 121
Outbreak III-9 Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection among U.S. Military Service Members 123
College Perspective
Outbreak III-10 STD Risk Increased by Using the Internet To Find Casual Sexual Partners 125
Global Perspective
Outbreak III-11 Impact of AIDS Worsens FamineSouthern Africa 127
Reference Material 129
Section IV Outbreaks of Diseases of the Skin, Soft Tissues, and Eyes 139
Outbreak IV-1 An Outbreak ofPseudomonasDermatitis from Hotel Pool and Hot TubsColorado 141
Outbreak IV-2 An Outbreak of Skin Lesions in a Wrestling TeamAlaska 143
Outbreak IV-3 An Outbreak of Conjunctivitis at an Elementary SchoolMaine 144
Outbreak IV-4 A Measles Outbreak among Internationally Adopted ChildrenUnited States 146
Outbreak IV-5 An Outbreak of Flesh-Eating Bacterium DiseaseSaint John, Brunswick, Canada 148
Outbreak IV-6 An Outbreak of Invasive Group AStreptococcusat a Child Care CenterBoston 150
Outbreak IV-7 An Outbreak of a Rash at a Camp for HIV-Infected ChildrenConnecticut 152
Outbreak IV-8 A Rubella OutbreakArkansas 153
Outbreak IV-9 An Outbreak of Invasive Disease Associated with Varicella in a Child Care CenterBoston 155
Outbreak IV-10 An Outbreak of Boils Associated with Footbaths at a Nail SalonCalifornia 157
Outbreak IV-11 An Outbreak of Boils Associated with Steam Bathing, Alaska 159
Outbreak IV-12 A Skin Infection Outbreak at a Local SchoolHouston, Texas 161
Outbreak IV-13 An Outbreak of MRSA at Surgical SitesParis 163
Outbreak IV-14 An Outbreak of Necrotizing Fasciitis and Cellulitis Associated with Vein SclerotherapyAustralia 165
College Perspective
Outbreak IV-15 Skin Infections among Tattoo RecipientsOhio 167
Global Perspective
Outbreak IV-16 A Gas Gangrene Outbreak after a TsunamiPapua New Guinea 170
Reference Material 171
Section V Outbreaks of Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems 181
Outbreak V-1 An Outbreak of TyphusBurundi 183
Outbreak V-2 An Outbreak of Cyclic FeversIndia 185
Outbreak V-3 An Outbreak of MononucleosisPuerto Rico 186
Outbreak V-4 Fever in a Traveler Returning from VenezuelaCalifornia 187
Outbreak V-5 Cases of Rash and Fever, One Fatal, in a Family ClusterKentucky 189
Outbreak V-6 An Outbreak of Ebola Hemorrhagic FeverUganda 191
Outbreak V-7 An Outbreak of Leptospirosis during Eco-ChallengeMalaysia 193
Outbreak V-8 A Dengue Fever OutbreakPuerto Rico 194
Outbreak V-9 A Disease Outbreak Associated with International TravelChicago 196
Outbreak V-10PseudomonasBloodstream Infections Associated with a Heparin-Saline FlushMissouri 199
Outbreak V-11 A Brucellosis Outbreak Due to Unpasteurized Raw Goat CheeseAndalusia, Spain 201
Outbreak V-12 An Acute Respiratory Illness Associated with Dried Animal HidesNew York City 203
Outbreak V-13 A Plague OutbreakIndia 205
Outbreak V-14 A Hepatitis Outbreak from a Pain ClinicOklahoma 207
Outbreak V-15 An Outbreak ofStaphylococcus aureuswith Increased Vancomycin ResistanceIllinois 209
College Perspective
Outbreak V-16 An Outbreak of Lyme DiseaseUnited States 211
Global Perspective
Outbreak V-17 The Zika Virus Spreads from Uganda to the United States 213
Reference Material 217
Section VI Outbreaks of Diseases of the Nervous System 231
Outbreak VI-1 An Outbreak of Acute Flaccid ParalysisCape Verde 232
Outbreak VI-2 An Outbreak of Paralysis from Eating Fermented Beaver TailsAlaska 233
Outbreak VI-3 Rabies Infections from Organ Donor TissuesMultistate 235
Outbreak VI-4 A Tetanus OutbreakPuerto Rico 237
Outbreak VI-5 An Outbreak of Aseptic Meningitis among Recreational Vehicle CampersConnecticut 239
Outbreak VI-6 A Mad Cow Disease Outbreak in Humans and CattleUnited States, Canada, Europe, and Japan 241
Outbreak VI-7 Foodborne Paralysis from Eating Home-Pickled EggsIllinois 243
Outbreak VI-8 An Outbreak of EncephalitisNew York 245
Outbreak VI-9 An Outbreak ofHaemophilus influenzaeType b MeningitisAlaska 247
Outbreak VI-10 An Outbreak of Foodborne Botulism from Home-Prepared Fermented TofuCalifornia 249
Outbreak VI-11 Meningitis among Travelers Returning from Saudi ArabiaUnited States 251
College Perspective
Outbreak VI-12 Meningitis Outbreaks Traced to Raves and ClubsMichigan and Argentina 253
Global Perspective
Outbreak VI-13 An Outbreak of Pneumococcal MeningitisCentral African Republic 255
Reference Material 257
Appendix Selected Sources 265
Index 27
