After a period of electoral dominance, centre-left parties in western Europe have suffered a dramatic erosion of support; the vote share enjoyed by social democrats is at its lowest ever level. Social democracy stands at a point of great promise, but also peril.

This book explores these themes and argues that to write off centre-left politics now would be a great mistake. It counters the idea that social democratic values have been rejected by voters. The ideal of solidarity and the need to forge bonds of connection in a volatile, interdependent world is as compelling as it always was.

At the same time, the centre left clearly faces difficulties: the forward march of labour has been abruptly halted while declining trust in politics adds to the problem of constructing viable electoral coalitions.The UKs decision to vote to leave the European Union is symptomatic of societies throughout Europe that are irreparably divided between voters who embrace economic change and openness, and those who are opposed to it.

Social democracy has to find new ways to build bridges between open and closed communities by updating public institutions and policies, just as socialist parties did in the immediate aftermath of the second world war.

Patrick Diamond is co-chair and research director at Policy Network. He is a lecturer in Public Policy at Queen Mary, University of London, Gwilym Gibbon fellow at Nuffield College, Oxford, and a visiting fellow at the Department of Politics at the University of Oxford. Until May 2010 he was head of policy planning in 10 Downing Street and senior policy adviser to the prime minister.

Preface / Introduction / Which Voters is the Left Losing? / What Explains the Poor Performance of Centre-Left Parties? / Social Democracy: A Crisis of Ideas? / How Does the Centre Left Respond? Social Justice in the New Hard Times / Conclusion: The Crisis and Retreat of European Social Democracy / Bibliography