This book presents a systematic design methodology for decoding the interior structure of the Antikythera mechanism, an astronomical device from ancient Greece. The historical background, surviving evidence and reconstructions of the mechanism are introduced, and the historical development of astronomical achievements and various astronomical instruments are investigated. Pursuing an approach based on the conceptual design of modern mechanisms and bearing in mind the standards of science and technology at the time, all feasible designs of the six lost/incomplete/unclear subsystems are synthesized as illustrated examples, and 48 feasible designs of the complete interior structure are presented. This approach provides not only a logical tool for applying modern mechanical engineering knowledge to the reconstruction of the Antikythera mechanism, but also an innovative research direction for identifying the original structures of the mechanism in the future. In short, the book offers valuable new insights for all readers who are interested in the Antikythera mechanism.

A Sketch of Ancient Western Astronomy.- Ancient Astronomical Instruments.- Amazing Discovery of Archaeology.- Modern Reconstruction Research.- Reconstruction Design Methodology.- Reconstruction Designs of the Calendrical Subsystem.- Reconstruction Designs of the Lunar Subsystem.- Reconstruction Designs of the Solar Subsystem.- Reconstruction Designs of the Planetary Subsystem.- Reconstruction Designs of the Moon Phase Display Device.- Assembly Work and Models.