The gilthead seabream Sparus aurata is a perciform fish, belonging to the family Sparidae and to the genus Sparus. Local names, Arabic denis (Egypt), ourata, warka (Tunisia), zerika (Morocco) English (sea bream, gilthead seabream) The family Sparidae has the most diversified expression of sexuality ranging from gonochorism through to protandrous and protogynous hermaphrodites This family contains more than 106 species, which are divided into two large clades (group A and B) according to the most recent molecular data. Sparids (porgies or sea breams) are demersal fish commonly found in temperate and tropical waters, with a maximum of diversity in the northeast Atlantic and the Mediterranean region. Porgies (family: Sparidae) are among the most abundant demersal fishes inhabiting the Egyptian Mediterranean, especially the Port Said region Seabream are of great interest for fisheries and, in recent years, have gained considerable importance in aquaculture because of their outstanding eating quality

Dr. Abdelnaser Bayoumy graduated from Assuit University in 1992 witha Bachelor of Veterinary Medicine with honours then he obtained a M.D (2004) and a PhD (2009)in Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition from Cairo University. Dr.Bayoumy has a broadknowledge on the aquaculture developed from17 years of field experience with aquaculture systems in Egypt