The two International Symposia on Spinal Cord Monitoring, held in Tokyo in 1981 [Homma S, Tamaki T (eds) (1984) Fundamentals and clinical appli­ cation of spinal cord monitoring. Saikon Publishing, Tokyo] and Erlangen in 1984, were remarkable in that they stimulated a gathering of electro­ encephalographic, neurophysiological, orthopaedic, neurosurgical, anaes­ thetic and pathological practitioners, presenting experimental, clinical and surgical experiences. The factor held in common was an understanding of the need to reduce the incidence and severity of iatrogenic neurological im­ pairment associated with certain surgical and radiographic procedures. In the past there has been a tendency for the study of human evoked poten­ tials (EPs) to be regarded as an end in itself, or at best a discipline which can be of limited assistance in certain problems of neurological diagnosis. Symposia such as these serve the valuable function of opening electro­ physiological eyes to the problems to which EP techniques might usefully be devoted in other medical spheres. They also help those who practise electrophysiology as an adjunct to their speciality to comprehend such of the more complex properties of EPs as are relevant to their particular interests. The title of the Symposia and of this volume arose as a result of an his­ torical accident. The pioneers of intraoperative neuronal monitoring were mostly surgeons specialising in the correction of spinal deformities or the removal of tumours.

InhaltsangabePhysiology.- Fundamentals of Sensory and Motor Functions of the Spinal Cord.- Spinal Cord Monitoring-A Review of Current Techniques and Knowledge.- Comparison of Spinal Cord Evoked Potentials Elicited by Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nerve Stimulation.- An Analysis of Spinal Cord Potentials Evoked by Median Nerve Stimulation.- Descending Lumbosacral Cord Potentials (DLCP) Evoked by Stimulation of the Median Nerve.- Extraspinal Stimulation and Recording: A Method for Operative Monitoring.- Scalp Distribution of Dermatomal Evoked Potentials.- Technique of Evoked Potential Recordings from a Radiofrequency-Transmitted Spinal Cord Stimulating System.- Pharmacological Influences.- Anesthetic Technique for Spinal Cord Monitoring.- Effects of Fentanyl and Enflurane on Cortical and Subcortical SEP During General Anesthesia in Man.- Pentobarbital: The Influence on Somatosensory Conduction in the Rat.- Pharmacogenic Changes of Cortical Responses to Spinal Cord Stimulation.- Traumatic Cord Lesions.- Acute and Chronic Pathomorphological Reactions to Cord Injury.- Evoked Potentials in Experimental Spinal Cord Injury.- Somatosensory Evoked Potentials (SEPs) in Spinal Cord Injury.- Therapeutic Trial of Hypertension and Hyperoxia Combined with Hypercarbia on Experimental Acute Spinal Cord Injury in the Dog.- Cortical Evoked Potentials in Experimental Scoliosis.- Monitoring-Cortical Evoked Potentials.- Intraoperative Deterioration of Evoked Potentials During Spinal Surgery.- Cortical Somatosensory Evoked Potentials During Surgery for Scoliosis and Coarctation of the Aorta.- Scalp Recorded Somatosensory Evoked Potentials During Spinal Surgery.- The "Grey Zone" in Intra-operative S.C.E.P. Monitoring.- Variance of Latency and Amplitude in SEPs Monitored During Spinal Operations with and Without Cord Manipulation.- Somatosensory Evoked Potential Monitoring of Intraoperative Procedures.- Evoked Potential Monitoring During Interventional Neuroradiology: Experimental Aspects of Special Catheter Techniques.- Monitoring-Spinal Evoked Potentials.- Experience of Epidural Spinal Cord Monitoring in 410 Cases.- An Assessment of the Use of Spinal Cord Evoked Potentials in Prognosis Estimation of Injured Spinal Cord.- Monitoring Spinal Motor Tract Function Using Cortical Stimulation: A Preliminary Report.- Spinal Evoked Potentials in Infants with Myelomeningocele.- Intraoperative Spinal Cord Monitoring at Different Levels and with Varying Surgical Pathology.- Clinical Usefulness of Spinal Cord Evoked Potentials.- Spinal Cord Monitoring in Neurosurgery in the United States.- Atraumatic Cord Lesions.- Conductivity in Elastically Stretched and Relaxed Spinal Cord Evaluated by Somatosensory Evoked Potentials.- Assessment of Long Sensory Tract Conduction in Patients Undergoing Dorsal Root Entry Zone Coagulation for Pain Relief.- Evaluation of Cord Function in Cervical Spondylosis by a Combined Method Using Segmental and Conductive Spinal Evoked Potentials (SEP).- Somatosensory Evoked Potentials in Cervical Myelopathy.- Clinical Study of Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy Using Evoked Spinal Cord Potentials.- SEP Following Tibial Nerve Stimulation in Spinal Cord Lesions.- Single and Double Stimuli SEP Examinations in Spinal Tumors and in Multiple Sclerosis.- Peripheral Autonomic Surface Potential-Applications in Clinical Neurology.

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