This, the fourth volume in the Springer series on fluorescence, focuses on the fluorescence of nanosystems, polymers and supermolecules, as well as the development and application of fluorescent probes. Aimed at researchers in organic and physical chemistry and in material sciences, emphasis is placed on the fluorescence of artificial and biological nanosystems; single molecule fluorescence and the luminescence of polymers; and micro- and nanoparticles and nanotubes.

History and Fundamental Aspects.- Early History of Solution Fluorescence: The Lignum nephriticum of Nicolás Monardes.- From Well-Known to Underrated Applications of Fluorescence.- Principles of Directed Electronic Energy Transfer.- Luminescence Decays with Underlying Distributions of Rate Constants: General Properties and Selected Cases.- Fluorescence as the Choice Method for Single-Molecule Detection.- Molecular and Supramolecular Systems.- Water-soluble Fluorescent Chemosensors: in Tune with Protons.- Fluorescence of Fullerenes.- Squeezing Fluorescent Dyes into Nanoscale ContainersThe Supramolecular Approach to Radiative Decay Engineering.- Polymers, Semiconductors, Model Membranes and Cells.- Resonance Energy Transfer in Polymer Interfaces.- Defocused Imaging in Wide-field Fluorescence Microscopy.- Dynamics of Excited States and Charge Photogeneration in Organic Semiconductor Materials.- Resonance Energy Transfer in Biophysics: Formalisms and Application to Membrane Model Systems.- Measuring Diffusion in a Living Cell Using Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy. A Closer Look at Anomalous Diffusion Using HIV-1 Integrase and its Interactions as a Probe.- Pushing the Complexity of Model Bilayers: Novel Prospects for Membrane Biophysics.- Nanotubes, Microparticles and Nanoparticles.- Photoluminescence Properties of Carbon Nanotubes.- Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopic Studies of a Single LipopolyamineDNA Nanoparticle.- Morphology-Dependent Resonance Emission from Individual Micron-Sized Particles.- New Plastic Microparticles and Nanoparticles for Fluorescent Sensing and Encoding.